At present, China's coke production enterprises are divided into two parts, some are independent coking enterprises, and all products are exported; the other part is coking enterprises owned by steel companies. The products are basically self-use, and the shortage is purchased from independent coking enterprises. According to the statistics of the Jiao Xie Association, the current coke production capacity of iron and steel enterprises has accounted for more than 40% of the total production capacity. The coke oven expansion of iron and steel companies has reduced the amount of coke purchased from 70% in 2003 to about 40%. The coking enterprise's market is under certain pressure. At present, the market situation of independent coking enterprises is not optimistic. The domestic and foreign markets have reduced the coke demand for independent coking enterprises and the competition has intensified.
First, the export market has seen a steady decline. In the long run, the state is controlling the export of resources and high-energy-consuming products under the circumstances where the bottleneck of energy and resources is increasingly evident. At present, the country’s gradual reduction of export quotas for coke and reduction of export tax rebates is a signal that there is a large policy risk in this part of the market. At the same time, in recent years, in order to reduce the dependence on coke in China, new coke ovens have been built. India, Egypt, the United States, Japan, Iran, South Africa, Poland, Ukraine and other countries are all building new coke ovens. The future global coke market trade volume will decline.
Second, the demand for domestic steel companies is decreasing. At present, steel companies are rapidly accelerating the pace of construction of coke ovens, and the amount of foreign coke purchased will gradually decrease. Moreover, with the advancement of its production technology, iron and steel enterprises have reduced the amount of ton iron coke which has been declining year by year. Baosteel, the most advanced domestic technology, has a coke-to-iron ratio of 300 kg. Other iron and steel ratios such as Wuhan Iron and Steel and Benxi Iron and Steel all drop below 400 kg. . In addition, due to the influence of the state's macro-control, some iron and steel enterprises were forced to shut down due to the fact that their technology and equipment were not in conformity with the requirements of the state’s industrial policy and planning and layout.
Third, the demand growth of other other industries is limited. China's chemical industry, non-ferrous metal smelting, machinery manufacturing and other industries consume coke accounted for about 20% of the country's total coke consumption. As the national macro-control has limited the development speed of various industries, the growth rate of raw material coke in these industries is estimated to not exceed 10%, and it is expected that the current consumption demand for coke will not exceed 50 million tons. At the same time, in the long run, due to the national restrictions on energy use and the principle of energy conservation, the increase in the consumption of coke in this sector is limited.
From other factors, independent coking companies are also at a disadvantage in competition with coking coal companies.
From the perspective of cost analysis, due to the relatively small size of independent coking plants, poor cooperation with coal companies, and the need for long-distance transportation of products, under normal circumstances, raw material costs and product transportation costs are higher than domestic production. Large-scale steel company's own coking plant. At the same time, many coal companies have not included independent cooperative coking plants with relatively small production scale into long-term cooperative relations. In the coal purchase process, the contract redemption rate is often lower than that of iron and steel companies, and the price is generally higher than that of steel in the same region. Coking plant. Therefore, independent coking plants are at a disadvantage in market competition.
From the analysis of the ability to withstand market risks, the ability of independent coking plants to withstand market risks is relatively poor. When the market fluctuates greatly, its product sales will be subject to greater impact, especially when its downstream product market changes, product prices, payment recovery will be greatly affected, especially in the current major steel companies have expanded coke production In the case of capabilities, the existing market share is changing at any time and the market risk is increasing.
From the analysis of the degree of perfection of the production process, the supporting degree of the independent coking plant is poor. The steel company's own coking plant has the advantage of matching the gas and heat energy resources with steel blast furnace production. Therefore, many steel companies now rely on their abundant funds to quickly launch large-scale coke ovens. Their furnace type technology is advanced, large-scale and high-yield. With less investment, quick production, complete supporting facilities, and significant improvement in the level of environmental protection and comprehensive utilization, it poses a threat to independent coking enterprises in terms of market, cost, technology and capital. Because of its large investment and long period of infrastructure, independent coking enterprises are facing more late-stage investment in environmental protection requirements, and competition risks are gradually increasing.
From the perspective of long-term development, the coking plant trend has basically become a supporting enterprise for iron and steel enterprises, and the increase in coke self-sufficiency rate of iron and steel companies year after year will become a necessity. The proportion of the independent coking plant in the coking industry is too large, which will increase the market risk of the coking industry and affect the coking industry's market order. Especially when the market supply exceeds demand, it is prone to competitive sales and bad competition. Phenomenon, thus affecting the healthy development of China's coking industry.
First, the export market has seen a steady decline. In the long run, the state is controlling the export of resources and high-energy-consuming products under the circumstances where the bottleneck of energy and resources is increasingly evident. At present, the country’s gradual reduction of export quotas for coke and reduction of export tax rebates is a signal that there is a large policy risk in this part of the market. At the same time, in recent years, in order to reduce the dependence on coke in China, new coke ovens have been built. India, Egypt, the United States, Japan, Iran, South Africa, Poland, Ukraine and other countries are all building new coke ovens. The future global coke market trade volume will decline.
Second, the demand for domestic steel companies is decreasing. At present, steel companies are rapidly accelerating the pace of construction of coke ovens, and the amount of foreign coke purchased will gradually decrease. Moreover, with the advancement of its production technology, iron and steel enterprises have reduced the amount of ton iron coke which has been declining year by year. Baosteel, the most advanced domestic technology, has a coke-to-iron ratio of 300 kg. Other iron and steel ratios such as Wuhan Iron and Steel and Benxi Iron and Steel all drop below 400 kg. . In addition, due to the influence of the state's macro-control, some iron and steel enterprises were forced to shut down due to the fact that their technology and equipment were not in conformity with the requirements of the state’s industrial policy and planning and layout.
Third, the demand growth of other other industries is limited. China's chemical industry, non-ferrous metal smelting, machinery manufacturing and other industries consume coke accounted for about 20% of the country's total coke consumption. As the national macro-control has limited the development speed of various industries, the growth rate of raw material coke in these industries is estimated to not exceed 10%, and it is expected that the current consumption demand for coke will not exceed 50 million tons. At the same time, in the long run, due to the national restrictions on energy use and the principle of energy conservation, the increase in the consumption of coke in this sector is limited.
From other factors, independent coking companies are also at a disadvantage in competition with coking coal companies.
From the perspective of cost analysis, due to the relatively small size of independent coking plants, poor cooperation with coal companies, and the need for long-distance transportation of products, under normal circumstances, raw material costs and product transportation costs are higher than domestic production. Large-scale steel company's own coking plant. At the same time, many coal companies have not included independent cooperative coking plants with relatively small production scale into long-term cooperative relations. In the coal purchase process, the contract redemption rate is often lower than that of iron and steel companies, and the price is generally higher than that of steel in the same region. Coking plant. Therefore, independent coking plants are at a disadvantage in market competition.
From the analysis of the ability to withstand market risks, the ability of independent coking plants to withstand market risks is relatively poor. When the market fluctuates greatly, its product sales will be subject to greater impact, especially when its downstream product market changes, product prices, payment recovery will be greatly affected, especially in the current major steel companies have expanded coke production In the case of capabilities, the existing market share is changing at any time and the market risk is increasing.
From the analysis of the degree of perfection of the production process, the supporting degree of the independent coking plant is poor. The steel company's own coking plant has the advantage of matching the gas and heat energy resources with steel blast furnace production. Therefore, many steel companies now rely on their abundant funds to quickly launch large-scale coke ovens. Their furnace type technology is advanced, large-scale and high-yield. With less investment, quick production, complete supporting facilities, and significant improvement in the level of environmental protection and comprehensive utilization, it poses a threat to independent coking enterprises in terms of market, cost, technology and capital. Because of its large investment and long period of infrastructure, independent coking enterprises are facing more late-stage investment in environmental protection requirements, and competition risks are gradually increasing.
From the perspective of long-term development, the coking plant trend has basically become a supporting enterprise for iron and steel enterprises, and the increase in coke self-sufficiency rate of iron and steel companies year after year will become a necessity. The proportion of the independent coking plant in the coking industry is too large, which will increase the market risk of the coking industry and affect the coking industry's market order. Especially when the market supply exceeds demand, it is prone to competitive sales and bad competition. Phenomenon, thus affecting the healthy development of China's coking industry.
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