According to the mine production experience, the large-scale collapse of the stope and the cutting trough are closely related, the blasting effect of the cutting trough is good, the mining stop is smooth, the ore recovery rate is high, and the blasting block is uniform. The end of the stope is the core position of the cutting groove. Because the working space and compensation space are relatively limited, the working environment is also complicated, the construction is difficult, the construction period is long, and the construction progress is seriously affected. Therefore, the cutting groove should be harvested in the mining room. Formed before, to reduce the number of blasting operations, shorten the construction period, and make the construction safe and rapid.
1 has a cutting patio slot
The cutting groove is mainly completed by the cutting patio pulling method, and the free surface and the compensation space of the blasting are patios, and the shallow holes, the medium-deep holes and the large-diameter deep holes can all be blasted to form the cutting grooves.
(1) Shallow holes. The YT-27, YT-28, or 7655 rock drill is used to cut the upper or parallel blastholes of the tunnel, and the depth of the blasthole is 2~3m. The patio is used as the free surface of the blasting collapse to ensure that the amount of collapse is specified. Within the scope, large-scale mining is achieved [1].
(2) Medium-deep hole blasting. Through the medium-deep hole drilling rig, the drilling of the rock-drilling bottoming tunnel is completed to the fan-shaped hole, and the free surface of the blasting is also a patio, which is blasted into slots or finished in one step. The method has high rock drilling efficiency, reduces the number of blasting, enhances the groove forming effect, simplifies the process, and is worth promoting.
(3) Large diameter deep hole drawing blasting. A rock drilling chamber is arranged at the upper end of the cutting groove, and drilling is performed in the order from top to bottom. The entire rock blasting is carried out in the chamber at the upper end of the cutting trough, which reduces the labor intensity and improves the safety of construction work. However, the rock drilling efficiency is low, the construction period is long, and the construction cost is high.
2 formation technology of uncut patio trough
The cutting process of the mine shows that there are many methods for cutting the trough, but the most common ones are wedge-shaped troughs, fan-shaped holes are raised by the angle-by-angle method, and parallel fan-shaped deep holes are blasted into grooves [2].
(1) The wedge-shaped groove is a special method for cutting the well without cutting. A plurality of rows of upwardly symmetrical inclined fan-shaped holes are arranged around a certain position in the center of the cutting groove to cut the flat road as a blasting free surface, and a cutting well is formed by a down-pressure blasting method, and the blasting is completed in stages by parallel blast holes which are raised one by one. Forming a full-section cutting groove. The requirements for blasthole precision and blasting control technology are high. The inclined blastholes have a great influence on the groove height and the width of the cutting groove, which in turn affects the span of the groove and is mined by ore caving.
(2) The fan-shaped hole is grooved by angle. The trough area and the side blasting area are the main blasting areas of the method, the trough area is used for blasting the free surface, and the side blasting area is used for caving the ore. In the process of drawing the trough in the stope, it is necessary to provide sufficient compensation space. By picking the top at the end, and then constructing the upward fan-shaped hole according to a certain angle, the blasting free surface is a rock-drilling lane, and the whole-stage blasting forms a cutting groove. The method has the characteristics of simple operation, short construction period and low cost, and has been widely used in small stope and residual mine recovery.
(3) Parallel fan-shaped deep hole blasting into grooves. Three to four rows of upward fan-shaped blastholes are arranged on both sides of the cutting lane. The blasthole height is realized by the angle-by-angle elevation method. The blasting free surface is the cutting lane, and the blasting method is millisecond blasting to form the cutting groove.
3 Optimize mining cutting groove forming technology
(1) Innovation of equipment. With the development of science and technology, more and more new equipment is appearing in mining work. At present, the most advanced patio forming method is the patio drilling method, which has high safety. The drilling rig is also a widely used equipment, with high rock drilling efficiency and high precision of the blasthole.
(2) Process development. Some mines have developed a new type of rock drilling method using advanced rock drilling equipment, which makes the blasthole arrangement more reasonable. It turns a rock drilling center into a plurality of rock drilling centers in the traditional process, and improves the blasthole block. Degree of groove efficiency [3]. Since the construction environment of each mine is very different, it is necessary to select the cutting groove forming technology according to the actual conditions of each mine to ensure a good groove forming effect.
4 Conclusion Before the underground mining mining, the formation of the cutting groove as the last process must be effectively and quickly formed. In the actual work, it is necessary to carefully analyze the characteristics and application range of the cutting groove forming technology, and improve the forming efficiency of the cutting groove through continuous innovation of equipment and innovative technology.
references
[1] He Binquan, Gao Yuliang, Zhang Deming, et al. Medium-deep hole grooving design and reliability analysis of detonation network [J]. Blasting, 2014(4): 26-30.
[2] Yan Xiaolei, Liang Yanbo, Song Xiaojie. Causes and treatment techniques of the blasting suspension of the cutting slot [J]. China Mining Engineering, 2015, 44(1): 32-36.
[3] Li Guangtao, Sun Hongsheng, Lu Guangyuan. Application bundle Cartridge Blasting holes equivalent spherical groove cutting mining technology Dahongshan copper ore [J]. Non-ferrous metals: Mine Section 2012 (6): 78-80.
Article source: "Modern Mining"; 2016.11;
Author: Wang Bang-making; Anhui Masteel Zhangzhuang Mining Limited Liability Company;
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