According to the official website of the University of Cambridge on the 26th, the school's researchers wrote in the latest issue of Nature that they have recently determined that tantalum tungsten oxide has a higher lithium pass rate and can be used to develop batteries that can be charged faster. Moreover, the physical structure and chemical behavior of the oxides help them gain insight into how to build a safe, ultra-fast rechargeable battery.
The battery is mainly composed of three components: a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte. When the battery is charged, lithium ions flow out of the positive electrode and reach the negative electrode through the crystal structure and electrolyte where they are stored. The faster this process occurs, the faster the battery will charge.
When looking for new electrode materials, researchers often try to make the particles smaller, but it is difficult to make practical batteries containing nanoparticles: the electrolyte will generate more unnecessary chemical reactions, so the battery life is not long, and Manufacturing costs are also high. The tantalum tungsten oxide used in the latest research has a hard, open-release structure that does not capture the inserted lithium and that is larger in size than many other electrode materials.
Kent Griffith, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Cambridge's Department of Chemistry, explains: "Many battery materials are based on the same two or three crystal structures, but these tantalum tungsten oxides are fundamentally different. Oxides pass through oxygen' The pillars 'keep open, allowing lithium ions to pass through them in three dimensions, which means more lithium ions can pass through them and at a faster rate. The measurement also shows that the speed at which lithium ions pass through the oxide is better than The electrode material is several orders of magnitude higher."
In addition to high lithium mobility, tantalum tungsten oxide is also easy to manufacture. Griffiths said: "Many nanoparticle structures require multiple steps to synthesize, but these oxides are easy to manufacture and do not require additional chemicals or solvents."
At present, most of the negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries are made of graphite. Graphite has a high energy density, but when charged at a high rate, it tends to form a slender lithium metal fiber called "dendritic", which causes a short circuit. And the battery caught fire and even exploded.
Griffiths said: "In high-rate applications, safety is more important than any other operating environment. For fast-charging applications that require safer graphite alternatives, these and other similar materials are definitely worthy of attention. â€
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