Improve pesticide utilization and fundamentally solve pesticide abuse

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] In recent years, the phenomenon of pesticide abuse has become more serious. The reason is that farmers lack pesticide knowledge, spray pesticides when they encounter pests and diseases, and re-spray if they have no effect. It is the problem of pesticide resistance. It is precisely because of these two factors that pesticide abuse cannot be effectively solved.

According to the survey of the Institute of Fruit Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the main reasons for fertilization in the orchard are: poor soil conditions in the orchard, poor soil fertility, resulting in large inputs of fruit and fertilizer; fruit farmers are subject to high input and high yield of traditional fertilization. The effect is deeper. It is believed that by continuously increasing the amount of chemical fertilizer, the yield can be continuously increased, which leads to an increase in the amount of chemical fertilizer. The nutrient ratio of the applied fertilizer is not balanced, and the input of large amount of elemental fertilizer is long-term, neglecting the supplement of medium and trace element fertilizer and organic fertilizer. The symptoms of tree and fruit deficiency are frequent; traditional organic fertilizers are bulky and heavy, and labor and labor are difficult to transport and apply. Rural labor is lacking, and fruit farmers lack the enthusiasm for applying organic fertilizer.

The main problems in the use of drugs are: some orchard pest and disease monitoring work is not in place, the timing of pesticide application is not accurate enough, the application time and frequency are usually based on the past experience and weather conditions of the fruit farmers, lack of effective scientific guidance; the choice of pesticides is not enough, many Fruit farmers only know the trade name of pesticides, but ignore the active ingredients and names of pesticides; some fruit farmers usually use three or four kinds of drugs in combination in the process of pest control, resulting in repeated drug use and overdose; over-reliance on chemical pesticide control, neglected Green prevention and control technologies such as agricultural control, physical control, and biological control.

The “Apple Double Reduction Project” integrates Liaoning's apple fertilizer and pesticide reduction and efficiency technology model, so that green manure, livestock manure, crop straw and other resources as well as new organic fertilizers and microbial fertilizers have been comprehensively utilized; through relevant application techniques and The integration of cultivation mode can significantly improve the utilization rate of pesticides, promote the application of pesticide replacement technology, and use biological pesticides and green prevention and control technologies to reduce the use of chemical pesticides. At the same time, the fruit tree adopted the “four zero service” to accelerate the diffusion of technology and ensure the technology in place rate through fruit farmers' participation in technology promotion and face-to-face guidance.

Reduce the amount of pesticides by increasing the utilization rate of pesticides. As well as the knowledge of pesticides related to the popularization of farmers, to effectively reduce the amount of pesticides, and fundamentally solve the phenomenon of pesticide abuse. (Original title: Reduce the amount of pesticides by increasing the utilization rate of pesticides)